初三英語上冊知識點：語法時態

　　語法：直接引語變間接引語。

　　直接引用別人的話叫直接引語，用來轉述別人的話叫間接引語。例：

　　He said, "He will go to Beijing tomorrow." （直接引語）

　　He said that he would go to Beijing the next day.

　　直接引語變間接引語時時態、人稱及一些時間或個別詞都要做相應的改變。

　　①時態：

　　一般現在時→一般過去時   一般將來時→過去將來時

　　現在進行時→過去進行時   一般過去時→過去完成時

　　現在完成時→過去完成時

　　* 但真理性的句子時態不變。例：

　　He said: "The sun rises in the east."

　　He said that the sun rises in the east.

　　他說太陽從東方升起。

　　②時間：

　　now→then, last month→the month before.

　　today→ that day, three days ago→three days before.

　　tonight→that night, tomorrow→the next day.

　　yesterday→the day before, the day after tomorrow→in two days.

　　③其它變化：

　　this→that   these→those   here→there

　　come→go

　　句式的改變：

　　①直接引語是陳述句加"that"可以省去。例：

　　He said, "My sister was here three days ago."→

　　He said that his sister had been there three days before.

　　②直接引語是一般疑問句，變成用if/whether引導的賓語從句，人稱時態等作相應改變。

　　Mother asked me, "Did you buy any meat for lunch?"→

　　Mother asked me if/whether I had bought some meat for lunch.

　　③直接引語是特殊問句，變成由原來疑問詞一樣的連接詞引導的賓語從句，時態人稱等作相應改變。例：

　　"What do you do?" he asked me.

　　He asked me what I did.

　　④直接引語是選擇問句變成由whether或if引導的賓語從句。

　　"Do you like English or Chinese?" He asked me.

　　He asked me whether I liked English or Chinese.

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