2023年初中英語語法考點(diǎn)集錦：冠詞

考點(diǎn)一 定冠詞基本用法

定冠詞the與指示代詞this、that、these、those 同源，可以和一個(gè)名詞連用，表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或事物。

1.特指雙方都明白的人或物

Take the medicine.

2.上文提到過的人或物

I had a present today. The present came from my mother.

3.指世上獨(dú)一無二的事物

the sun the moon the world

4.用在表演奏西洋樂器的名詞前，但中國樂器前不加the

play the piano play the violin

5.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)及形容詞only, very, same前

I live on the second floor.

English is the most difficult subject.

That's the very thing I've been looking for.

6.用于方向或表江河、山脈、海峽等專有地理名稱前

the southeast of China the Red Sea

7.用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表“一家人”或“夫婦二人”

the Greens the Whites the Browns

8. 與形容詞或分詞連用表一類人

the rich the living

9.用于對(duì)兩個(gè)人或事物比較時(shí)起特指作用的比較級(jí)前

He is the taller of the two boys.

10.用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國家名稱、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級(jí)等專有名詞前

the People’s Republic of China

the WTO

11.與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，指整個(gè)群體

They are the teachers of this school. (指全體)

They are teachers of this school. (指部分)

12.用于整十的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表年代

The war broke out in the 1870s.

13. 習(xí)慣用語

(1)時(shí)間相關(guān)

all the time(一直)

all the year around(一年到頭)

at the age of (在…歲時(shí))

at the same time(同時(shí))

in the middle of (在…的中間)

in the day (在白天)

at the beginning/end of (在…開始/結(jié)束時(shí))

(2)地點(diǎn)相關(guān)

at the top/bottom of(在…的頂部/底部)

at the back of(在…的后面)

at/on the corner of(在…的拐角處)

(3)其他固定搭配

go to the cinema(去看電影)

by the way(順便說一下)

內(nèi)容有點(diǎn)多?怎么記下來???

考點(diǎn)二 不定冠詞基本用法

1.不定冠詞表“一” ，意思同“one”

He has an English book.

2.用于可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前泛指人或物的某一類

My father is a doctor.

3.第一次提到某物或某人用a或an

There is a pen on the table and the pen is mine.

4. 用于序數(shù)詞前，表“又一、再一”

He ate one apple, but he wanted a second one.

Please give me a second chance.

5. 用于表頻率、速度、價(jià)格等意義的名詞前，“每一”， 相當(dāng)于every

fifty meters an hour/three times a day/once a second

6.泛指某人或某物

I saw a man under the tree.

7.習(xí)慣用語

a little/few/bit(一些、一點(diǎn)兒)

in a word(總之)

in a moment(立刻)

as a result(因此)

half an hour(半小時(shí))

a moment ago(剛才)

once upon a time(從前)

in a loud voice(大聲地)

in a hurry(匆忙地)

with a smile(微笑著)

考點(diǎn)三 零冠詞基本用法

1.用于國名、省名、城市名、街名、公園名等專有名詞前

Beijing is the capital of China.

2.用于一日三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)科名詞前

They like playing football after school.

I like English very much.

注：當(dāng)“三餐”前有形容詞修飾或特指某頓飯時(shí)，其前可用冠詞

I had a quick breakfast.

3.用于表節(jié)日、季節(jié)、星期、月份的名詞前

注：當(dāng)特指某年的某月、某季節(jié)，需在月份、季節(jié)前加the

Today is Friday /July 14th.

Yesterday was March 8th，Women's Day.

in the summer of 2012

4.用于表稱呼或頭銜的名詞前

This is Professor Wang.

5.用于形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、指示代詞等作定語的名詞前

I can wait, but my toothache can’t.

6.用于不可數(shù)名詞前

Which does he like better, fish or chicken?

7.用于泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前

Children shouldn’t tell lies.

8.用于與by連用的交通工具前

注：與take或on/in介詞連用時(shí)，名詞前要加冠詞

They often go to school by bus.

take a bus in a boat on the bike

9.固定詞組

face to face watch TV

step by step at first/last

be in trouble be in danger

on/in time go to school/work

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